RED VALERIAN SEEDS

Centranthus ruber var. coccineus

Pretty Betsy. An ancient species, once very commonly cultivated and occasionally foraged in Europe, where it can be found growing happily in poor chalky rocky soils and along old garden walls. The young fleshy leaves are suitable for salad and the thick meandering roots historically gathered, most probably as famine fare.

Though long called “valerian", and belonging to the same family as Valeriana officinalis, this species has no medicinal value. It is a superior ornamental, with spectacular crimson blooms throughout summer into autumn on 2'-3' stems. Attracts butterflies and hummingbirds and hawkmoths. Requires very little attention once established, and is actually more upright and floriferous given occasional long dry spells. Adaptable, but most hardy and long-lived in alkaline soils with good drainage. Self-sows where it is happy, sometimes aggressively. Cut the spent flowers to prevent unwanted volunteers, especially on the West Coast.

Seeds germinate best with at least some cold. Tuck seeds just beneath the surface of moist soil, pressing to keep seed snug. Mist generously and cover with plastic to maintain moisture. Place pot in a cool north windowsill or cool greenhouse in late winter, or in an unheated basement or barn under lights for at least a few weeks before bringing pot to room temperature in bright light. Sometimes these seeds will germinate at very cool temperatures indeed. Avoid excessive heat. In our experience the easiest and most effective way to germinate these seeds is outdoors in late winter or very early spring, in a sheltered location away from critters and direct sunlight. Seeds may even be sown directly into the garden just as the soil begins to thaw. Germination will begin during the first warm days of spring. Seedlings started in pots should be pricked out to grow on in deep 6" pots. Transplant into the garden in full or part sun around the date of the last spring frost. Seeds may also be started in summer and transplanted in autumn. Best to avoid keeping the young plants in pots for too long.

Among the most valuable plants for attracting winged creatures in cold winter climates. Fantastic with bee balms and vining honeysuckles in zone 5 gardens.

Packet contains at least 50 seeds.